The Forbidden Times For Performing Shalat (Prayer) - Alidrus Online (2023)

Times prohibited to perform Shalat. Prayer is the second pillar of Islam, which is the foundation and obligation that must be carried out by Muslims.To keep our prayers valid, of course, we must pay attention to the procedures and the right time.

In Islamic jurisprudence, there are several time provisions that are prohibited from carrying out this worship.Syekh Salim bin Sumair Al-Hadlrami in his book, Saginatun Naja, mentions five times that are forbidden to pray.While Sheikh Muhammad Nawawi Banten in his book Kasyifatus Saja, explains the five times with the following conditions.The following arethe forbidden times for prayerthat you must know.

The Prohibited Times of Prayer

From ‘Uqbah bin ‘Amir Radhiyallahu anhu, he said:

ثَلاَثُ سَاعَاتٍ كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَانَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ فِيْهِنَّ أَوْ أَنْ نَقْبَرَ فِيْهِنَّ مَوْتَانَـا: حِيْنَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ بَازِغَةً حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ، وَحِيْـنَ يَقُوْمُ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيْرَةِ حَتَّـى تَمِيْلَ الشَّمْسُ، وَحِيْنَ تَضَيَّفَ الشَّمْسُ لِلْغُرُوْبِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ

“Three times that the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam forbade us to pray or bury dead at that time: when the sun rises until it rises, when it is mid-afternoon until the sun slips, when the sun leans west until it sets.” [1]

The Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam has explained the reason for the prohibition of prayer during these times through his words to ‘Amr bin ‘Abasah: “Do the morning prayer. Then stop praying until the sun rises and rises.

Because in fact when sun rises, the sun is between the two horns of the devil. At that time the infidels bowed down to the sun. After that, you can pray, because indeed the prayer is witnessed and attended. Until the shadow rises as high as the spear. Then stop praying. Because at that time Jahannam was in turmoil. If the shadow has tilted to the west, then pray, because indeed the prayer is attended and witnessed. Until you pray ‘Asr. Then stop praying until the sun sets. Because in fact he is buried between the two horns of the devil. And at that time the infidels prostrated themselves to the sun.[2]

O. Exempted from this Prohibition Specific Time and Place

As for the time, it is when the sun is directly overhead on Friday:

The evidence is the words of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam:

لاَ يَغْتَسِلُ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَتَطَهَّرَ مَـا اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْ طُهْرٍ وَيُدَهِّنُ مِنْ دُهْنٍ أَوْ يَمُسُّ مِنْ طِيْبِ بَيْتِهِ، ثُمَّ يَخْـرُجُ فَلاَ يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّى مَا كُتِبَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ يُنْصِتْ إِذَا تَكَلَّمَ اْلإِمَامُ، إِلاَّ غُفِرَ لَهُ، مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ اْلأُخْرَى

“The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, “Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven.”[3]

He advocated sunnah prayer as much as he could and did not forbid it except after the imam had left. For this reason, many previous scholars, among them ‘Umar bin al-Khatthab Radhiyallahu anhu, who was later followed by al-Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, said that the departure of the imam stops the prayer, and his sermon stops the speech. They make the imam’s departure an obstacle to prayer, not the middle of the day.

As for the exception of the place, Makkah – may God increase its glory and majesty -. Because Allah Ta’ala has increased it with glory and majesty. Prayers there were not forbidden at that time.

Based on the words of the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam: “O Bani ‘Abdi Manaf, do not prevent anyone who performs tawaf and prayer in this House at any time. Both night and day.” [4]

Prayers that are prohibited at these times are pure sunnah prayers that have no reason. At these times it is permissible to make up missed prayers, both obligatory and sunnah.

The evidence is based on the words of the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam:

مَنْ نَسِىَ صَلاَةً فَلْيُصَلِّ إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا لاَكَفَّرَةَ لَهَا إِلاَّ ذلِكَ

” Whoever forgets a prayer, then he should pray when he remembers. There is no expiation for him except that (prayer).” [5]

Prayer after ablution is also permissible to do at any time.

The argument is based on the hadith of Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu anhu, where the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said to Bilal at dawn, “O Bilal, tell me the deed you most hope for (reward) that you do in Islam. Because indeed I heard the sound of your two sandals in front of me in Heaven.”Bilal replied, “I did not do the deed that I most hoped for (the reward). It’s just, I don’t purify myself, neither in the evening nor during the day, but I pray the Sunnah with it.” [6]

Tahiyyatul Masjid prayers are also allowed.

Based on the words of the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam:

إِذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَلاَ يَجْلِسْ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

“If one of you enters the mosque, then do not sit down until you have prayed two cycles of prayer. [ 7]

Read How To Perform Tahiyatul Masjid Prayer, Law and Wisdom

P. Prohibited Sunnah Prayer after Dawn and Before Dawn Prayer.

From Yasar, a former slave of Ibn ‘Umar, he said, “Ibn ‘Umar saw me praying after dawn. Then he said, ‘O Yasar, indeed the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, came out to meet us while we were performing this prayer. Then he said, ‘Those who are present among you should inform those who are not present. Do not pray after dawn except for two rak’ahs.'” [8]

Q. Prohibited Sunnah prayer after Iqamat

From Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu anhu, the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said:

إِذَا أُقِيْمَتِ الصَّلاَةُ فَلاَ صَلاَةَ إِلاَّ الْمَكْتُوْبَةَ

“If the Iqamat prayer has been recited, then there is no prayer other than the obligatory prayer.” [9]

R. Places where prayer is prohibited

From Abu Hurairah Radiyallahu anhu, the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, said:

فُضِّلْتُ عَلَى اْلأَنْبِيَاءِ بِسِتٍّ: أُعْطِيْتُ جَوَامِعُ الْكَلِمِ، وَنُصِرْتُ بِالرُّعْبِ، وَأُحِلَّتْ لِيَ الْغَنَائِمُ، وَجُعِلَتْ لِيَ اْلأَرْضُ طَهُوْرًا وَمَسْجِدًا، وَأُرْسِلْتُ إِلَى الْخَلْقِ كَافَّةً، وَخُتِمَ بِيَ النَّبِيُّوْنَ

“I am superior to the Prophets with six things: (1) I was given a short and meaningful speech, (2) I was helped with fear (of the enemy over me), (3) the spoils of war were made lawful for me, (4) the earth was used as a means sanctify and the mosque for me, (5) I am sent for all creatures, and (6) the Prophets are covered with me.” [10]

All the earth is a mosque other than those excluded in some hadiths below:

From Jundub bin ‘Abdillah al-Bajali Radhiyallahu anhu, he said, “Five days before the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, died, I heard him, may God bless him and grant him peace, say:

أَلاَ وَإِنَّ مَنْ كَـانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَـانُوْا يَتَّخِذُوْنَ قُبُوْرَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَصَالِِحِيْهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ، أَلاَ فَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوا الْقُبُرْرَ مَسَـاجِدَ، إِنِّى أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ذلِكَ

‘Know that the people before you made the graves of the Prophets and their pious people into mosques. Know, do not make the grave a mosque. Indeed, I forbid you to do that.’” [11]

From Abu Sa’id al-Khudri Radhiyallahu anhu, he said that the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, said:

اَلأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا مَسْجِدٌ إِلاَّ الْمَقْبَرَةَ وَالْحَمَّامَ

“The whole earth is a mosque except the grave and the bathroom. [ 12]

From al-Barra’ bin ‘Azib Radhiyallahu anhu, he said that the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, was asked about praying at the hum of camels. He replied:

لاَ تُصَلُّوْا فِي مَبَارِكِ اْلإِبِلِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنَ الشَّيَاطِيْنِ

“Don’t pray at the sound of camels. Because he is a devil.”

And he was asked about the prayer at the tying of the goat. He replied:

صَلُّوْا فِيْهَا فَإِنَّهَا بَرَكَةٌ

“Pray there, because it is a blessing. [ 13]

[Copied from the book Al-Wajiiz fii Fiqhis Sunnah wal Kitaabil Aziiz, Author Shaykh Abdul Azhim bin Badawai al-Khalafi, Indonesian Edition Complete Guide to Fiqh, Translator Team Tashfiyah LIPIA – Jakarta, Publisher Ibnu Katsir Library, First Printing Ramadhan 1428 – September 2007 AD]
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Footnote

[1] Sahih: [Sahiih Sunan Ibni Majah (no. 1233)], Sahiih Muslim (I/568 no. 831), Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud) (VIII/481 no. 3176), Sunan at-Tirmidhi (II/247 no. 1035), Sunan an-Nasa-i (I/275), and Sunan Ibni Majah (I/486 no. 1519).
[2] Sahih: [Al-Misykaah (no. 1042)], and Sahih Muslim (I/570 no. 832).
[3] Sahih: [At-Targhiib (no. 689)], Sahiih al-Bukhari (Fat-hul Baari) (II/370 no. 883).
[4]Sahih: [Shahiih Sunan Ibni Majah (no. 1036)], Sunan Ibni Majah (I/398 no. 1254), Sunan at-Tirmidhi (II/178 no. 869), and Sunan an-Nasa-i (V/223 ).
[5] Muttafaq ‘alaihi: [Shahiih al-Bukhari (Fat-hul Baari) (II/70 no. 597)], Sahiih Muslim (I/477 no. 684), and and Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud ) (II/113 no. 438). In other narrations, the sentence “There is no expiation for him except that,”as narrated in Sunan an-Nasa-i (I/293), Sunan at-Tirmidhi (I/114 no. 187), and Sunan Ibni Majah (I/ 227 no. 696).
[6] His takhrij has passed.
[7]Muttafaq ‘alaihi: [Shahiih al-Bukhari (Fat-hul Baari) (III/48 no. 1163)], Sahiih Muslim (I/495 no. 714), Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud) (II/133 no. 463), Sunan at-Tirmidzi (I/198 no. 315), Sunan Ibni Majah (I/324 no. 1013), and Sunan an-Nasa-i (II/53).
[8] Sahih: [Shahiih al-Jaami’ush Shaghiir (no. 5353)], and Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud) (IV/158 no. 1264). At-Tirmidhi narrates briefly with the words: “There is no prayer after dawn except two rak’ahs.” (I/262 no. 417).
[9] Sahih: [Sahiih Sunan Ibni Majah (no. 945)], Sahiih Muslim (I/493 no. 710), Sunan at-Tirmidhi (I/264 no. 419), Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud ) (IV/ 142 no. 1252), Sunan an-Nasa-i (II/116), and Sunan Ibni Majah (1/364 no. 1151).
[10]Sahih: [Mukhtashar Sahiih Muslim (no. 257)], and Sahiih Muslim (I/371/523).
[11] Sahih: [Irwaa’ul Ghaliil (no. 286)], and Sahih Muslim (I/377 no. 532).
[12] Sahih: [Shahiih Sunan Ibni Majah (no. 606)], Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud) (II/158 no. 488), Sunan Ibni Majah (I/246 no. 745), and Sunan at-Tirmidhi (I/199 no. 316).
[13] Sahih: [Shahiih al-Jaami’ush Shaghiir (no. 7351)], and Sunan Abi Dawud (‘Aunul Ma’buud) (II/159 no. 489).